Biosafety Level 3 Publications

Hartmann, S., Radochonski, L., Ye, C. et al. SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a drives dynamic dense body formation for optimal viral infectivity. Nat Commun 16, 4393 (2025).

Klunk, J., Vilgalys, T. P., Demeure, C. E., Cheng, X., Shiratori, M., Madej, J., Beau, R., Elli, D., Patino, M. I., Redfern, R., DeWitte, S. N., Gamble, J. A., Boldsen, J. L., Carmichael, A., Varlik, N., Eaton, K., Grenier, J. C., Golding, G. B., Devault, A., Rouillard, J. M., … Barreiro, L. B. (2025). Author Correction: Evolution of immune genes is associated with the Black Death. Nature, 10.1038/s41586-024-08522-6.

Cianfarini C, Hassler L, Wysocki J, Hassan A, Nicolaescu V, Elli D, Gula H, Ibrahim AM, Randall G, Henkin J, Batlle D. Soluble Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Protein Improves Survival and Lowers Viral Titers in Lethal Mouse Model of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Type 2 Infection with the Delta Variant. Cells. 2024 Jan 23;13(3):203. 

Oh, S. Y., Chateau, A., Tomatsidou, A., Elli, D., Gula, H., Schneewind, O., & Missiakas, D. (2023). Modeling gastrointestinal anthrax disease. Research in Microbiology, 104026.

Asiedu SO, Gupta Y, Nicolaescu V, Gula H, Caulfield TR, Durvasula R, Kempaiah P, Kwofie SK, Wilson MD. Mycolactone: A Broad Spectrum Multitarget Antiviral Active in the Picomolar Range for COVID-19 Prevention and Cure. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Apr 12;24(8):7151.

Hassler L, Wysocki J, Ahrendsen JT, Ye M, Gelarden I, Nicolaescu V, Tomatsidou A, Gula H, Cianfarini C, Forster P, Khurram N, Singer BD, Randall G, Missiakas D, Henkin J, Batlle D. Intranasal soluble ACE2 improves survival and prevents brain SARS-CoV-2 infection. Life Sci Alliance. 2023 Apr 11;6(7):e202301969. 

Mohammad TSH, Gupta Y, Reidl CT, Nicolaescu V, Gula H, Durvasula R, Kempaiah P, Becker DP. In Silico Binding of 2-Aminocyclobutanones to SARS-CoV-2 Nsp13 Helicase and Demonstration of Antiviral Activity. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Mar 7;24(6):5120. 

Zhou Y, Liu Y, Gupta S, Paramo MI, Hou Y, Mao C, Luo Y, Judd J, Wierbowski S, Bertolotti M, Nerkar M, Jehi L, Drayman N, Nicolaescu V, Gula H, Tay S, Randall G, Wang P, Lis JT, Feschotte C, Erzurum SC, Cheng F, Yu H. A comprehensive SARS-CoV-2-human protein-protein interactome reveals COVID-19 pathobiology and potential host therapeutic targets. Nat Biotechnol. 2023 Jan;41(1):128-139. Epub 2022 Oct 10.

Nguyen LC, Renner DM, Silva D, Yang D, Parenti NA, Medina KM, Nicolaescu V, Gula H, Drayman N, Valdespino A, Mohamed A, Dann C, Wannemo K, Robinson-Mailman L, Gonzalez A, Stock L, Cao M, Qiao Z, Moellering RE, Tay S, Randall G, Beers MF, Rosner MR, Oakes SA, Weiss SR. SARS-CoV-2 Diverges from Other Betacoronaviruses in Only Partially Activating the IRE1α/XBP1 Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway in Human Lung-Derived Cells. mBio. 2022 Oct 26;13(5):e0241522. 

Lian Q, Zhang K, Zhang Z, Duan F, Guo L, Luo W, Mok BW, Thakur A, Ke X, Motallebnejad P, Nicolaescu V, Chen J, Ma CY, Zhou X, Han S, Han T, Zhang W, Tan AY, Zhang T, Wang X, Xu D, Xiang J, Xu A, Liao C, Huang FP, Chen YW, Na J, Randall G, Tse HF, Chen Z, Chen Y, Chen HJ. Differential effects of macrophage subtypes on SARS-CoV-2 infection in a human pluripotent stem cell-derived model. Nat Commun. 2022 Apr 19;13(1):2028. 

Teplensky MH, Distler ME, Kusmierz CD, Evangelopoulos M, Gula H, Elli D, Tomatsidou A, Nicolaescu V, Gelarden I, Yeldandi A, Batlle D, Missiakas D, Mirkin CA. Spherical nucleic acids as an infectious disease vaccine platform. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2022 Apr 5;119(14):e2119093119. 

Hassler L, Wysocki J, Gelarden I, Sharma I, Tomatsidou A, Ye M, Gula H, Nicoleascu V, Randall G, Pshenychnyi S, Khurram N, Kanwar Y, Missiakas D, Henkin J, Yeldandi A, Batlle D. A Novel Soluble ACE2 Protein Provides Lung and Kidney Protection in Mice Susceptible to Lethal SARS-CoV-2 Infection. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2022 Jul;33(7):1293-1307.

Chateau, A., Oh, S. Y., Tomatsidou, A., Brockhausen, I., Schneewind, O., & Missiakas, D. (2020). Distinct Pathways Carry Out α and β Galactosylation of Secondary Cell Wall Polysaccharide in Bacillus anthracis. Journal of bacteriology, 202(15), e00191-20.

Osei-Owusu, P., Charlton, T. M., Kim, H. K., Missiakas, D., & Schneewind, O. (2019). FPR1 is the plague receptor on host immune cells. Nature, 574(7776), 57–62. 

Chateau, A., Schneewind, O., & Missiakas, D. (2019). Extraction and Purification of Wall-Bound Polymers of Gram-Positive Bacteria. Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.), 1954, 47–57. 

Chateau, A., Lunderberg, J. M., Oh, S. Y., Abshire, T., Friedlander, A., Quinn, C. P., Missiakas, D. M., & Schneewind, O. (2018). Galactosylation of the Secondary Cell Wall Polysaccharide of Bacillus anthracis and Its Contribution to Anthrax Pathogenesis. Journal of bacteriology, 200(5), e00562-17.

Missiakas, D., & Schneewind, O. (2017). Assembly and Function of the Bacillus anthracis S-Layer. Annual review of microbiology, 71, 79–98. 

Callegan, M. C., Parkunan, S. M., Randall, C. B., Coburn, P. S., Miller, F. C., LaGrow, A. L., Astley, R. A., Land, C., Oh, S. Y., & Schneewind, O. (2017). The role of pili in Bacillus cereus intraocular infection. Experimental eye research, 159, 69–76.

Mitchell, A., Tam, C., Elli, D., Charlton, T., Osei-Owusu, P., Fazlollahi, F., Faull, K. F., & Schneewind, O. (2017). Glutathionylation of Yersinia pestis LcrV and Its Effects on Plague Pathogenesis. mBio, 8(3), e00646-17. 

Oh SY, Lunderberg JM, Chateau A, Schneewind O, Missiakas D. Genes required for Bacillus anthracis secondary cell wall polysaccharide synthesis. J Bacteriol. 2017;199(1):e00613-16. 

Liszewski Zilla, M., Lunderberg, J. M., Schneewind, O., & Missiakas, D. (2015). Bacillus anthracis lcp Genes Support Vegetative Growth, Envelope Assembly, and Spore Formation. Journal of bacteriology, 197(23), 3731–3741. 

Lunderberg, J. M., Liszewski Zilla, M., Missiakas, D., & Schneewind, O. (2015). Bacillus anthracis tagO Is Required for Vegetative Growth and Secondary Cell Wall Polysaccharide Synthesis. Journal of bacteriology, 197(22), 3511–3520. 

Nguyen-Mau, S. M., Oh, S. Y., Schneewind, D. I., Missiakas, D., & Schneewind, O. (2015). Bacillus anthracis SlaQ Promotes S-Layer Protein Assembly. Journal of bacteriology, 197(19), 3216–3227.

Oh, S. Y., Richter, S. G., Missiakas, D. M., & Schneewind, O. (2015). Glutamate Racemase Mutants of Bacillus anthracis. Journal of bacteriology, 197(11), 1854–1861.

Liszewski Zilla, M., Chan, Y. G., Lunderberg, J. M., Schneewind, O., & Missiakas, D. (2015). LytR-CpsA-Psr enzymes as determinants of Bacillus anthracis secondary cell wall polysaccharide assembly. Journal of bacteriology, 197(2), 343–353. 

Tam, C., Demke, O., Hermanas, T., Mitchell, A., Hendrickx, A. P., & Schneewind, O. (2014). YfbA, a Yersinia pestis regulator required for colonization and biofilm formation in the gut of cat fleas. Journal of bacteriology, 196(6), 1165–1173. 

Wang YT, Missiakas D, Schneewind O. GneZ, a UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase, is required for S-layer assembly and vegetative growth of Bacillus anthracis. J Bacteriol. 2014;196(16):2969-2978. 

Kopaskie, K. S., Ligtenberg, K. G., & Schneewind, O. (2013). Translational regulation of Yersinia enterocolitica mRNA encoding a type III secretion substrate. The Journal of biological chemistry, 288(49), 35478–35488. 

Lunderberg JM, Nguyen-Mau SM, Richter GS, Wang YT, Dworkin J, Missiakas DM, Schneewind O. Bacillus anthracis acetyltransferases PatA1 and PatA2 modify the secondary cell wall polysaccharide and affect the assembly of S-layer proteins. J Bacteriol. 2013;195(20):4650-4659.

Oh SY, Maier H, Schroeder J, Richter GS, Elli D, Musser JM, Quenee LE, Missiakas DM, Schneewind O. Vaccine protection against Bacillus cereus-mediated respiratory anthrax-like disease in mice. Infect Immun. 2013;81(3):1008-1017. 

Lunderberg, J. M., Nguyen-Mau, S. M., Richter, G. S., Wang, Y. T., Dworkin, J., Missiakas, D. M., & Schneewind, O. (2013). Bacillus anthracis acetyltransferases PatA1 and PatA2 modify the secondary cell wall polysaccharide and affect the assembly of S-layer proteins. Journal of bacteriology, 195(5), 977–989. 

Ligtenberg, K. G., Miller, N. C., Mitchell, A., Plano, G. V., & Schneewind, O. (2013). LcrV mutants that abolish Yersinia type III injectisome function. Journal of bacteriology, 195(4), 777–787. 

Wang, Y. T., Oh, S. Y., Hendrickx, A. P., Lunderberg, J. M., & Schneewind, O. (2013). Bacillus cereus G9241 S-layer assembly contributes to the pathogenesis of anthrax-like disease in mice. Journal of bacteriology, 195(3), 596–605. 

Quenee, L. E., Hermanas, T. M., Ciletti, N., Louvel, H., Miller, N. C., Elli, D., Blaylock, B., Mitchell, A., Schroeder, J., Krausz, T., Kanabrocki, J., & Schneewind, O. (2012). Hereditary hemochromatosis restores the virulence of plague vaccine strains. The Journal of infectious diseases, 206(7), 1050–1058. 

Garufi, G., Hendrickx, A. P., Beeri, K., Kern, J. W., Sharma, A., Richter, S. G., Schneewind, O., & Missiakas, D. (2012). Synthesis of lipoteichoic acids in Bacillus anthracis. Journal of bacteriology, 194(16), 4312–4321. 

Kern, V. J., Kern, J. W., Theriot, J. A., Schneewind, O., & Missiakas, D. (2012). Surface-layer (S-layer) proteins sap and EA1 govern the binding of the S-layer-associated protein BslO at the cell septa of Bacillus anthracis. Journal of bacteriology, 194(15), 3833–3840. 

Nguyen-Mau, S. M., Oh, S. Y., Kern, V. J., Missiakas, D. M., & Schneewind, O. (2012). Secretion genes as determinants of Bacillus anthracis chain length. Journal of bacteriology, 194(15), 3841–3850.

Tonry, J. H., McNichol, B. A., Ramarao, N., Chertow, D. S., Kim, K. S., Stibitz, S., Schneewind, O., Kashanchi, F., Bailey, C. L., Popov, S., & Chung, M. C. (2012). Bacillus anthracis protease InhA regulates BslA-mediated adhesion in human endothelial cells. Cellular microbiology, 14(8), 1219–1230. 

Hendrickx, A. P., Poor, C. B., Jureller, J. E., Budzik, J. M., He, C., & Schneewind, O. (2012). Isopeptide bonds of the major pilin protein BcpA influence pilus structure and bundle formation on the surface of Bacillus cereus. Molecular microbiology, 85(1), 152–163.

Garufi, G., Wang, Y. T., Oh, S. Y., Maier, H., Missiakas, D. M., & Schneewind, O. (2012). Sortase-conjugation generates a capsule vaccine that protects guinea pigs against Bacillus anthracis. Vaccine, 30(23), 3435–3444. 

Miller, N. C., Quenee, L. E., Elli, D., Ciletti, N. A., & Schneewind, O. (2012). Polymorphisms in the lcrV gene of Yersinia enterocolitica and their effect on plague protective immunity. Infection and immunity, 80(4), 1572–1582. 

Houppert, A. S., Kwiatkowski, E., Glass, E. M., DeBord, K. L., Merritt, P. M., Schneewind, O., & Marketon, M. M. (2012). Identification of chromosomal genes in Yersinia pestis that influence type III secretion and delivery of Yops into target cells. PloS one, 7(3), e34039. 

Wright, A. M., Beres, S. B., Consamus, E. N., Long, S. W., Flores, A. R., Barrios, R., Richter, G. S., Oh, S. Y., Garufi, G., Maier, H., Drews, A. L., Stockbauer, K. E., Cernoch, P., Schneewind, O., Olsen, R. J., & Musser, J. M. (2011). Rapidly progressive, fatal, inhalation anthrax-like infection in a human: case report, pathogen genome sequencing, pathology, and coordinated response. Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine, 135(11), 1447–1459. 

Quenee, L. E., Ciletti, N. A., Elli, D., Hermanas, T. M., & Schneewind, O. (2011). Prevention of pneumonic plague in mice, rats, guinea pigs and non-human primates with clinical grade rV10, rV10-2 or F1-V vaccines. Vaccine, 29(38), 6572–6583.

Kern, J., Wilton, R., Zhang, R., Binkowski, T. A., Joachimiak, A., & Schneewind, O. (2011). Structure of surface layer homology (SLH) domains from Bacillus anthracis surface array protein. The Journal of biological chemistry, 286(29), 26042–26049. 

Anderson, V. J., Kern, J. W., McCool, J. W., Schneewind, O., & Missiakas, D. (2011). The SLH-domain protein BslO is a determinant of Bacillus anthracis chain length. Molecular microbiology, 81(1), 192–205. 

Frank, K. M., Schneewind, O., & Shieh, W. J. (2011). Investigation of a researcher’s death due to septicemic plague. The New England journal of medicine, 364(26), 2563–2564. 

Losada, L., Varga, J. J., Hostetler, J., Radune, D., Kim, M., Durkin, S., Schneewind, O., & Nierman, W. C. (2011). Genome sequencing and analysis of Yersina pestis KIM D27, an avirulent strain exempt from select agent regulation. PloS one, 6(4), e19054. 

Quenee, L. E., Ciletti, N., Berube, B., Krausz, T., Elli, D., Hermanas, T., & Schneewind, O. (2011). Plague in Guinea pigs and its prevention by subunit vaccines. The American journal of pathology, 178(4), 1689–1700.

Oh, S. Y., Budzik, J. M., Garufi, G., & Schneewind, O. (2011). Two capsular polysaccharides enable Bacillus cereus G9241 to cause anthrax-like disease. Molecular microbiology, 80(2), 455–470.

Kern, J., Ryan, C., Faull, K., & Schneewind, O. (2010). Bacillus anthracis surface-layer proteins assemble by binding to the secondary cell wall polysaccharide in a manner that requires csaB and tagO. Journal of molecular biology, 401(5), 757–775.

Quenee, L. E., Berube, B. J., Segal, J., Elli, D., Ciletti, N. A., Anderson, D., & Schneewind, O. (2010). Amino acid residues 196-225 of LcrV represent a plague protective epitope. Vaccine, 28(7), 1870–1876. 

Blaylock, B., Berube, B. J., & Schneewind, O. (2010). YopR impacts type III needle polymerization in Yersinia species. Molecular microbiology, 75(1), 221–229.

Kern, J., & Schneewind, O. (2010). BslA, the S-layer adhesin of B. anthracis, is a virulence factor for anthrax pathogenesis. Molecular microbiology, 75(2), 324–332. 

Biosafety Level 2 Publications

Azam, M. S., Ibrahim, A. M., Leddy, O., Oh, S.-Y., Schneewind, O., & Missiakas, D. (2025). A SecA-associated protease modulates the extent of surface display of staphylococcal protein A. Journal of bacteriology, 207(4), e0052224. 

Ibrahim, A. M., & Missiakas, D. (2025). A novel polysaccharide in the envelope of S. aureus influences the septal secretion of preproteins with a YSIRK/GXXS motif. Journal of bacteriology, e0047824. Advance online publication.

Leddy, O., Ibrahim, A. M., Azam, M. S., Solomon, S., Yu, W., Schneewind, O., & Missiakas, D. (2025). Screening a library of temperature-sensitive mutants to identify secretion factors in Staphylococcus aureus. Journal of bacteriology, e0043324.

Ramos-León, F., Anjuwon-Foster, B. R., Anantharaman, V., Updegrove, T. B., Ferreira, C. N., Ibrahim, A. M., Tai, C. H., Kruhlak, M. J., Missiakas, D. M., Camberg, J. L., Aravind, L., & Ramamurthi, K. S. (2024). PcdA promotes orthogonal division plane selection in Staphylococcus aureus. Nature microbiology, 9(11), 2997–3012.

Almubarak, H. F., Tan, W., Hoffmann, A. D., Sun, Y., Wei, J., El-Shennawy, L., Squires, J. R., Dashzeveg, N. K., Simonton, B., Jia, Y., Iyer, R., Xu, Y., Nicolaescu, V., Elli, D., Randall, G. C., Schipma, M. J., Swaminathan, S., Ison, M. G., Liu, H., Fang, D., … Shen, Y. (2024). Novel antibody language model accelerates IgG screening and design for broad-spectrum antiviral therapy.

Chen, X., & Missiakas, D. (2024). Novel Antibody-Based Protection/Therapeutics in Staphylococcus aureus. Annual review of microbiology, 78(1), 425–446.

Jiang, S., Tian, Y., Nicolaescu, V., Mansurov, A., Randall, G., Tirrell, M. V., & LaBelle, J. L. (2024). The Role of Structural Flexibility in Hydrocarbon-Stapled Peptides Designed to Block Viral Infection via Human ACE2 Mimicry. Peptide science (Hoboken, N.J.), 116(6), e24375.

Cullum, E., Perez-Betancourt, Y., Shi, M., Gkika, E., Schneewind, O., Missiakas, D., & Golovkina, T. (2024). Deficiency in non-classical major histocompatibility class II-like molecule, H2-O confers protection against Staphylococcus aureus in mice. PLoS pathogens, 20(6), e1012306.

Ibrahim AM, Azam MS, Schneewind O, Missiakas D. Processing of LtaS restricts LTA assembly and YSIRK preprotein trafficking into Staphylococcus aureus cross-walls. mBio. 2024 Jan 4; Epub ahead of print. PMID: 38174934.

Bernardino, P. N., Bhattacharya, M., Chen, X., Jenkins, J., Missiakas, D., & Thammavongsa, V. (2023). A humanized monoclonal antibody targeting protein a promotes opsonophagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus in human umbilical cord blood. Vaccine, 41(35), 5079-5084.

Bobrovskyy, M., Chen, X., & Missiakas, D. (2023). The Type 7b Secretion System of S. aureus and Its Role in Colonization and Systemic Infection. Infection and Immunity, e00015-23.

Missiakas D, Winstel V. Selective host cell death by Staphylococcus aureus: a strategy for bacterial persistence. Front Immunol. 2021;11:621733.

Chen, X., Gula, H., Pius, T., Ou, C., Gomozkova, M., Wang, L. X., … & Missiakas, D. (2023). Immunoglobulin G subclasses confer protection against Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream dissemination through distinct mechanisms in mouse models. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 120(14), e2220765120.

Shi, M., Chen, X., Sun, Y., Kim, H. K., Schneewind, O., & Missiakas, D. (2021). A protein A based Staphylococcus aureus vaccine with improved safety. Vaccine, 39(29), 3907–3915. 

Willing, S., Schneewind, O., & Missiakas, D. (2021). Regulated cleavage of glycan strands by the murein hydrolase SagB in S. aureus involves a direct interaction with LyrA (SpdC). Journal of bacteriology, 203(9), e00014-21. 

Shi, M., Willing, S. E., Kim, H. K., Schneewind, O., & Missiakas, D. (2021). Peptidoglycan Contribution to the B Cell Superantigen Activity of Staphylococcal Protein A. mBio, 12(2), e00039-21. 

Willing, S., Dyer, E., Schneewind, O., & Missiakas, D. (2020). FmhA and FmhC of Staphylococcus aureus incorporate serine residues into peptidoglycan cross-bridges. The Journal of biological chemistry, 295(39), 13664–13676. 

Chen, X., Shi, M., Tong, X., Kim, H. K., Wang, L. X., Schneewind, O., & Missiakas, D. (2020). Glycosylation-dependent opsonophagocytic activity of staphylococcal protein A antibodies. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 117(37), 22992–23000. 

Kim, H. K., Premaratna, R., Missiakas, D. M., & Schneewind, O. (2019). Rickettsia conorii O antigen is the target of bactericidal Weil-Felix antibodies. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 116(39), 19659–19664.

Schneewind O, Missiakas DM. Staphylococcal Protein Secretion and Envelope Assembly. Microbiol Spectr. 2019 Jul;7(4):10.1128/microbiolspec.gpp3-0070-2019. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.GPP3-0070-2019. PMID: 31267890; PMCID: PMC7028390.

Winstel V, Schneewind O, Missiakas D. Staphylococcus aureus exploits the host apoptotic pathway to persist during infection. mBio. 2019;10(6):e02270-19.

Schneewind, O., & Missiakas, D. (2019). Sortases, Surface Proteins, and Their Roles in Staphylococcus aureus Disease and Vaccine Development. Microbiology spectrum, 7(1), 10.1128/microbiolspec.psib-0004-2018. 

Bobrovskyy, M., Willing, S. E., Schneewind, O., & Missiakas, D. (2018). EssH Peptidoglycan Hydrolase Enables Staphylococcus aureus Type VII Secretion across the Bacterial Cell Wall Envelope. Journal of bacteriology, 200(20), e00268-18. 

Winstel V, Missiakas D, Schneewind O. Staphylococcus aureus targets the purine salvage pathway to kill phagocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018;115(26):6846-6851.

Yu, W., Missiakas, D., & Schneewind, O. (2018). Septal secretion of protein A in Staphylococcus aureus requires SecA and lipoteichoic acid synthesis. eLife, 7, e34092.

Sun, Y., Emolo, C., Holtfreter, S., Wiles, S., Kreiswirth, B., Missiakas, D., & Schneewind, O. (2018). Staphylococcal Protein A Contributes to Persistent Colonization of Mice with Staphylococcus aureus. Journal of bacteriology, 200(9), e00735-17. 

Yu W, Kim HK, Rauch S, Schneewind O, Missiakas D. Pathogenic conversion of coagulase-negative staphylococci. Microbes Infect. 2017;19(2):101-109.

Ohr RJ, Anderson M, Shi M, Schneewind O, Missiakas D. EssD, a nuclease effector of the Staphylococcus aureus ESS pathway. J Bacteriol. 2017;199(1):e00528-16.

Anderson, M., Ohr, R. J., Aly, K. A., Nocadello, S., Kim, H. K., Schneewind, C. E., Schneewind, O., & Missiakas, D. (2016). EssE Promotes Staphylococcus aureus ESS-Dependent Protein Secretion To Modify Host Immune Responses during Infection. Journal of bacteriology, 199(1), e00527-16.

Winstel V, Kühner P, Rohde H, Peschel A, Missiakas D, Schneewind O. Genetic engineering of untransformable coagulase-negative staphylococcal pathogens. Nat Protoc. 2016;11(5):949-959. 

Missiakas, D., & Schneewind, O. (2016). Staphylococcus aureus vaccines: Deviating from the carol. The Journal of experimental medicine, 213(9), 1645–1653. 

Thomer L, Schneewind O, Missiakas D. (2016). Pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections. Annu Rev Pathol, 11:343-364.

Kim HK, Falugi F, Missiakas DM, Schneewind O. Peptidoglycan-linked protein A promotes T cell-dependent antibody expansion during Staphylococcus aureus infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016;113(20):5718-5723.

Thomer L, Emolo C, Thammavongsa V, Kim HK, McAdow ME, Yu W, Kieffer M, Schneewind O, Missiakas D. Antibodies against a secreted product of Staphylococcus aureus trigger phagocytic killing. J Exp Med. 2016;213(3):293-301.

Chan, Y. G., Frankel, M. B., Missiakas, D., & Schneewind, O. (2016). SagB Glucosaminidase Is a Determinant of Staphylococcus aureus Glycan Chain Length, Antibiotic Susceptibility, and Protein Secretion. Journal of bacteriology, 198(7), 1123–1136.

Thammavongsa V, Kim HK, Missiakas D, Schneewind O. Staphylococcal manipulation of host immune responses. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2015 Sep;13(9):529-43.  PMID: 26272408; PMCID: PMC4625792.

Bagnoli, F., Fontana, M. R., Soldaini, E., Mishra, R. P., Fiaschi, L., Cartocci, E., Nardi-Dei, V., Ruggiero, P., Nosari, S., De Falco, M. G., Lofano, G., Marchi, S., Galletti, B., Mariotti, P., Bacconi, M., Torre, A., Maccari, S., Scarselli, M., Rinaudo, C. D., Inoshima, N., … Grandi, G. (2015). Vaccine composition formulated with a novel TLR7-dependent adjuvant induces high and broad protection against Staphylococcus aureus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 112(12), 3680–3685.

Thammavongsa, V., Rauch, S., Kim, H. K., Missiakas, D. M., & Schneewind, O. (2015). Protein A-neutralizing monoclonal antibody protects neonatal mice against Staphylococcus aureus. Vaccine, 33(4), 523–526.

Kim, H. K., Falugi, F., Thomer, L., Missiakas, D. M., & Schneewind, O. (2015). Protein A suppresses immune responses during Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection in guinea pigs. mBio, 6(1), e02369-14. 

Pauli, N. T., Kim, H. K., Falugi, F., Huang, M., Dulac, J., Henry Dunand, C., Zheng, N. Y., Kaur, K., Andrews, S. F., Huang, Y., DeDent, A., Frank, K. M., Charnot-Katsikas, A., Schneewind, O., & Wilson, P. C. (2014). Staphylococcus aureus infection induces protein A-mediated immune evasion in humans. The Journal of experimental medicine, 211(12), 2331–2339. 

Rauch S, Gough P, Kim HK, Schneewind O, Missiakas D. Vaccine protection of leukopenic mice against Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection. Infect Immun. 2014;82(11):4889-4898. 

Kim HK, Missiakas D, Schneewind O. Mouse models for infectious diseases caused by Staphylococcus aureus. J Immunol Methods. 2014;410:88-99. 

Schneewind, O., & Missiakas, D. (2014). Sec-secretion and sortase-mediated anchoring of proteins in Gram-positive bacteria. Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1843(8), 1687–1697. 

Chan YG, Kim HK, Schneewind O, Missiakas D. The capsular polysaccharide of Staphylococcus aureus is attached to peptidoglycan by the LytR-CpsA-Psr (LCP) family of enzymes. J Biol Chem. 2014;289(22):15680-15690.

Becker S, Frankel MB, Schneewind O, Missiakas D. Release of protein A from the cell wall of Staphylococcus aureus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014;111(5):1574-1579.

Schneewind, O., & Missiakas, D. (2014). Lipoteichoic acids, phosphate-containing polymers in the envelope of gram-positive bacteria. Journal of bacteriology, 196(6), 1133–1142.

Schneewind, O., & Missiakas, D. (2014). Genetic manipulation of Staphylococcus aureus. Current protocols in microbiology, 32, Unit–9C.3.

Thammavongsa, V., Missiakas, D. M., & Schneewind, O. (2013). Staphylococcus aureus degrades neutrophil extracellular traps to promote immune cell death. Science (New York, N.Y.), 342(6160), 863–866. 

Chen, C., Krishnan, V., Macon, K., Manne, K., Narayana, S. V., & Schneewind, O. (2013). Secreted proteases control autolysin-mediated biofilm growth of Staphylococcus aureus. The Journal of biological chemistry, 288(41), 29440–29452. 

Thomer, L., Schneewind, O., & Missiakas, D. (2013). Multiple ligands of von Willebrand factor-binding protein (vWbp) promote Staphylococcus aureus clot formation in human plasma. The Journal of biological chemistry, 288(39), 28283–28292.

Falugi, F., Kim, H. K., Missiakas, D. M., & Schneewind, O. (2013). Role of protein A in the evasion of host adaptive immune responses by Staphylococcus aureus. mBio, 4(5), e00575-13.

Richter SG, Elli D, Kim HK, Hendrickx AP, Sorg JA, Schneewind O, Missiakas D. Small molecule inhibitor of lipoteichoic acid synthesis is an antibiotic for Gram-positive bacteria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013;110(9):3531-3536.

Missiakas, D. M., & Schneewind, O. (2013). Growth and laboratory maintenance of Staphylococcus aureus. Current protocols in microbiology, Chapter 9, Unit–9C.1. 

Chan YG, Frankel MB, Dengler V, Schneewind O, Missiakas D. Staphylococcus aureus mutants lacking the LytR-CpsA-Psr family of enzymes release cell wall teichoic acids into the extracellular medium. J Bacteriol. 2013;195(20):4650-4659.

Kim, H. K., Emolo, C., DeDent, A. C., Falugi, F., Missiakas, D. M., & Schneewind, O. (2012). Protein A-specific monoclonal antibodies and prevention of Staphylococcus aureus disease in mice. Infection and immunity, 80(10), 3460–3470. 

McAdow, M., DeDent, A. C., Emolo, C., Cheng, A. G., Kreiswirth, B. N., Missiakas, D. M., & Schneewind, O. (2012). Coagulases as determinants of protective immune responses against Staphylococcus aureus. Infection and immunity, 80(10), 3389–3398.

Rauch, S., DeDent, A. C., Kim, H. K., Bubeck Wardenburg, J., Missiakas, D. M., & Schneewind, O. (2012). Abscess formation and alpha-hemolysin induced toxicity in a mouse model of Staphylococcus aureus peritoneal infection. Infection and immunity, 80(10), 3721–3732. 

Schneewind, O., & Missiakas, D. M. (2012). Protein secretion and surface display in Gram-positive bacteria. Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 367(1592), 1123–1139. 

Frankel, M. B., & Schneewind, O. (2012). Determinants of murein hydrolase targeting to cross-wall of Staphylococcus aureus peptidoglycan. The Journal of biological chemistry, 287(13), 10460–10471. 

DeDent, A., Kim, H. K., Missiakas, D., & Schneewind, O. (2012). Exploring Staphylococcus aureus pathways to disease for vaccine development. Seminars in immunopathology, 34(2), 317–333. 

Kim, H. K., Thammavongsa, V., Schneewind, O., & Missiakas, D. (2012). Recurrent infections and immune evasion strategies of Staphylococcus aureus. Current opinion in microbiology, 15(1), 92–99. 

McAdow, M., Missiakas, D. M., & Schneewind, O. (2012). Staphylococcus aureus secretes coagulase and von Willebrand factor binding protein to modify the coagulation cascade and establish host infections. Journal of innate immunity, 4(2), 141–148. 

Vanassche, T., Verhaegen, J., Peetermans, W. E., VAN Ryn, J., Cheng, A., Schneewind, O., Hoylaerts, M. F., & Verhamme, P. (2011). Inhibition of staphylothrombin by dabigatran reduces Staphylococcus aureus virulence. Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH, 9(12), 2436–2446. 

Thammavongsa, V., Schneewind, O., & Missiakas, D. M. (2011). Enzymatic properties of Staphylococcus aureus adenosine synthase (AdsA). BMC biochemistry, 12, 56. 

McAdow, M., Kim, H. K., Dedent, A. C., Hendrickx, A. P., Schneewind, O., & Missiakas, D. M. (2011). Preventing Staphylococcus aureus sepsis through the inhibition of its agglutination in blood. PLoS pathogens, 7(10), e1002307. 

Kim, H. K., Kim, H. Y., Schneewind, O., & Missiakas, D. (2011). Identifying protective antigens of Staphylococcus aureus, a pathogen that suppresses host immune responses. FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, 25(10), 3605–3612. 

Frankel, M. B., Hendrickx, A. P., Missiakas, D. M., & Schneewind, O. (2011). LytN, a murein hydrolase in the cross-wall compartment of Staphylococcus aureus, is involved in proper bacterial growth and envelope assembly. The Journal of biological chemistry, 286(37), 32593–32605.

Cheng, A. G., DeDent, A. C., Schneewind, O., & Missiakas, D. (2011). A play in four acts: Staphylococcus aureus abscess formation. Trends in microbiology, 19(5), 225–232. 

Hendrickx, A. P., Budzik, J. M., Oh, S. Y., & Schneewind, O. (2011). Architects at the bacterial surface – sortases and the assembly of pili with isopeptide bonds. Nature reviews. Microbiology, 9(3), 166–176.

Frankel, M. B., Wojcik, B. M., DeDent, A. C., Missiakas, D. M., & Schneewind, O. (2010). ABI domain-containing proteins contribute to surface protein display and cell division in Staphylococcus aureus. Molecular microbiology, 78(1), 238–252. 

Kennedy, A. D., Bubeck Wardenburg, J., Gardner, D. J., Long, D., Whitney, A. R., Braughton, K. R., Schneewind, O., & DeLeo, F. R. (2010). Targeting of alpha-hemolysin by active or passive immunization decreases severity of USA300 skin infection in a mouse model. The Journal of infectious diseases, 202(7), 1050–1058.

Kim, H. K., DeDent, A., Cheng, A. G., McAdow, M., Bagnoli, F., Missiakas, D. M., & Schneewind, O. (2010). IsdA and IsdB antibodies protect mice against Staphylococcus aureus abscess formation and lethal challenge. Vaccine, 28(38), 6382–6392. 

Kim, H. K., Cheng, A. G., Kim, H. Y., Missiakas, D. M., & Schneewind, O. (2010). Nontoxigenic protein A vaccine for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in mice. The Journal of experimental medicine, 207(9), 1863–1870. 

Cheng, A. G., McAdow, M., Kim, H. K., Bae, T., Missiakas, D. M., & Schneewind, O. (2010). Contribution of coagulases towards Staphylococcus aureus disease and protective immunity. PLoS pathogens, 6(8), e1001036.